Сообщение великобритания английский язык. Топики по английскому языку на тему Great Britain. Текст о праздниках в Великобритании

Интересные факты о Великобритании на английском языке с переводом помогут узнать много нового об этой стране и подготовиться к уроку.

Интересные факты о Великобритании на английском языке

It is considered an act of treason to put a postage stamp with the queen’s head upside down on an envelope!

The British eat over 11.5 billion (1,500,000,000) sandwiches every year!!

England’s first telephone directory was published in 1880 and had only 248 names and addresses (there were no telephone numbers as you had to call the operator and ask for someone’s name to get connected).

Our wonderful city London has not always had this name. In the past it has been called Londonium, Ludenwic, and Ludenburg!

In 1945, a flock of birds landed on the minute hand of Big Ben and put the time back by 5 minutes.

Big Ben is not actually the name of the clock, it is the name of the bell which is inside the clock.

Black cab (taxi) drivers in London have to memorise every street and important building in London within six miles from Charing Cross and they need to take a test called ‘The Knowledge’ before they can drive a cab.

It is illegal to die in the Houses of Parliament.

The picture of the Queen on £1 coins show her age at the time they were made.

England was part of the shortest war in history. They fought Zanzibar in 1896 and Zanzibar surrendered after just 38 minutes!

England is the most populated country in the United Kingdom. The other countries that make up the United Kingdom are Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

The capital city of England is London. Other major cities include Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Newcastle and Leeds.

Famous English scientists include Charles Darwin, Michael Faraday, Isaac Newton and Stephen Hawking among many others.

The largest lake in England is named Windermere.

Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in England but others such as cricket and rugby have large followings.

The official London home of the British monarch (king or queen) is Buckingham Palace. It is the oldest royal residence in the world that is still being used by the royal family.

Положить почтовую марку с портретом королевы вниз головой на конверте — это предательство

Каждый год британцы едят более 11,5 миллиардов (1 500 000 000) сэндвичей!

Наш замечательный город Лондон не всегда имел такое название. В прошлом его называли «Лондиниум», «Люденвик» и «Люденбург»!

В 1945 году стая птиц приземлилась на минутную стрелку Биг-Бен и время отстало на 5 минут.

Биг Бен на самом деле не является названием часов, это имя колокола, который находится внутри часов.

Водителям черных такси (такси) в Лондоне приходится запоминать каждую улицу и важное здание в Лондоне в шести милях от Чаринг-Кросса, и им нужно пройти тест под названием «Знание», прежде чем они смогут управлять машиной.

В палатах парламента незаконно умирать.

Англия была частью самой короткой войны в истории. Они воевали с Занзибаром в 1896 году, а Занзибар сдался всего через 38 минут!

Англия — самая населенная страна в Соединенном Королевстве. Другие страны, входящие в состав Соединенного Королевства, — Уэльс, Шотландия и Северная Ирландия.

Столицей Англии является Лондон. Другие крупные города — Бирмингем, Манчестер, Шеффилд, Ливерпуль, Ньюкасл и Лидс.

Известные английские ученые — Чарльз Дарвин, Майкл Фарадей, Исаак Ньютон и Стивен Хокинг и многие другие.

Самое большое озеро в Англии называется Уиндермир.

В число знаменитых английских писателей входит Уильям Шекспир, который писал такую классику, как Ромео и Джульетта, Макбет и Гамлет.

Футбол является самым популярным видом спорта в Англии, но другие, такие как крикет и регби, имеют большие значение.

Официальным лондонским домом британского монарха (короля или королевы) является Букингемский дворец. Это старейшая королевская резиденция в мире, которая до сих пор используется королевской семьей.

(в рамках подготовки к экзамену по английскому языку и расширения страноведческих знания о стране изучаемого языка)

1. The Geographical Position of Great Britain

1) What is the official name of Great Britain?
2) What countries does Great Britain consist of and what are their capitals?
3) Why is the UK called an island state?
4) Where is the UK situated? What separates Great Britain from the continent?
5) What are the names of two main islands of the British Isles?
6) What do we call the narrowest part of the English Channel?

Вспомните слова: consist of, include, be made up of.

Закончите предложения:
1. Great Britain consists of …
2. Great Britain doesn’t include …
3. The UK is made up of …

Вспомните английские слова по теме: : lie, be separated by, be washed by, be surrounded by.

Переведите предложения:

1. An island is a part of land that is surrounded by water on all sides.
2. Great Britain is an island state and is surrounded by seas on all sides.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lies on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands – Great Britain and Ireland and about 5 thousand small islands. Their total area is over 244.000 square kilometers. On the island of Great Britain you can find England, Scotland and Wales. Northern Ireland lies on the island of Ireland.

The British Isles are separated from Europe by the English Channel and the North Sea. In the west their coasts are washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.

Great Britain is the largest islands in the British Isles. It is also the largest island in Europe and the seventh largest island in the world.

The UK is one of the world’s smaller countries. It is twice smaller than France and Spain.

2. Climate of Great Britain

Answer the questions based on the information you have learnt:
1. What is the British climate like?
2. What is the British weather like?

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of the islands. It is mild all the year round. It means that it’s never too hot or too cold. Winters are extremely mild. Snow may come but it melts quickly. The coldest months are January and February, the warmest ones are July and August. But the climate is not the same in all parts of England. The western part is warmer than the east. It has also more rain. The North is colder than the South, but in winter the coldest districts are the eastern ones. There is much humidity in the air of England. It is well-known as a foggy country.

If climate is mild, it is warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Also we can say that the climate on the British Isles is temperate and humid .

• temperate — умеренный
• humid — влажный

In the past, most Londoners had open fireplaces in which they used coal. The result was that there was a tremendous concentration of smoke and soot in the air. It was the cause of dense and heavy fogs.

While a heavy fog hung over a big English city for days, only a few miles away in the country, the sky might be cloudless and the sun shining brightly. In London today, however, there are no open coal fires. As a result, there are fewer fogs and the air is clean.

The weather is so changeable that the English often say that they have no climate but only weather. They use the comparison “as changeable as the weather” of a person who often changes his mood or opinion about something.

The English also say that they have three variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon or when it rains all day long. The weather is the favourite topic of conversation in the UK. SOON

Answer the questions:

1) Why is the British climate mild? What influences it?
2) Does it vary?
3) Which districts are the coldest in Britain?

3. The Nature of Great Britain

Answer the questions based on the information you have learnt:
1. What are the names for two types of landscape in Great Britain?
2. What is the most picturesque place in England?

Запомните:

• landscape – ландшафт
• scenery — пейзаж

The main characteristic of British landscape is that it changes very often.
The Scottish scenery is amasing.

Типично английский пейзаж — равнины (the Lowlands). Фото автора

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. Geographically, the island of Great Britain is divided into two main regions : Lowland Britain (the Lowlands) and Highland Britain (the Highlands). The Lowlands include central, southern and eastern England. They have beautiful valleys and plains.

The Highlands consist of Scotland, most of Wales, the Pennines and the Lake District. It is mountainous part of Britain, but the mountains are not very high. The highest mountain is Ben Nevis in Scotland (1343m).

Шотландия. Бен Невис — самая высокая точка Великобритании. Фото автора

Scotland is separated from England by the Cheviot Hills , running from east to west. The Pennine Chain extends (stretches) southward from the Cheviot Hills into the Midlands , plain regions with low hills and valleys.

Запомните:

• the Pennine Chain [‘penaɪn] — Пеннинские горы
• the Cheviot Hills [‘ʧiːvɪət] — Чевиот-Хилс (горы, отделяющие Шотландию от Англии)
• the Midlands — Мидлендз (центральные графства Англии)
• the Lake District — Озерный край

There is a district in Great Britain which is widely known for it association with the history of English literature and the name of William Wordsworth (1779-1859), the founder of the Lake School of poets. This district is called The Lake District.

The Lake School – «Озерная школа» — литературное сотрудничество поэтов-романтиков начала 19 века, названа по Озерному краю, где жили поэты Уильям Вордсворт и Сэмюэл Кольридж.

Answer the questions and check yourself:

Answer the questions based on the information you have learnt:

1) What do we call people who were born in Britain? In Scotland? In Wales?
2) Do people in these countries speak “the same” English?
3) Is English the only language spoken in the UK?

The Population

Запомните глаголы: populate — населять, заселять, inhabit — жить, проживать, населять; settle – поселиться.

Переведите предложения:

1. The UK is inhabited by the English, the Scots, the Welsh, the Irish.
2. London, the south and the southeast are the most densely populated areas.

Переведите существительные: population, inhabitants, settlers

The population of the UK is over 57 million people. The population lives mostly in towns and cities and their suburbs. The biggest cities are (… try to remember 8 cities) but except them the most well-known cities are Oxford, Cambridge, Stradford-upon-Avon.

The nationalities of the UK:
the English – англичане (46 mln)
the Scottish – шотландцы (5 mln)
the Welsh – валлийцы (уроженцы Уэльса) (6 mln)
the Irish – ирландцы (1,5 mln)
the British – британцы (more than 57 mln)

The Language

English is the official language of the UK. But some people speak Gaelic in western Scotland and Welsh in parts of northern and central Wales.

Welsh is a Celtic language and it is very different from English. For example, «Welcome to Wales» is «Croesu i Cymru» in Welsh. Before the 16th century everybody in Wales spoke Welsh, but after Wales was united with England in 1536, Welsh was banned. It started declining, only 500,000 out of 3 mln of population spoke it until 1960s. It was not taught at school and the people thought that their language was dying out. The situation changed only few years ago. Nowadays Welsh is spoken in the government and there is a Welsh TV station. The Welsh are proud of their language.

The most known English-speaking countries are the USA, then Canada, Australia, New Zealand. People in these countries speak variants of English, so called American English, Australian English. It slightly differs from the British English in grammar and pronunciation.

5. The British National Character

Although the British live on the same island, they are very different. Ii is right to say that the English are not like the Scottish, Irish or Welsh (or the other way around). Of course, they have something in common. For example, it is true that British people often talk about the weather, especially if they don’t know each other very well. It is true that they are more reserved than Russian people: they don’t like to show their emotions and they don’t make friends easily with strangers. It also seems to be true that the British are not very good at learning foreign languages.

6. The British Places of Interest, Cities & Towns

Answer the questions based on the information you have learnt:

1. What famous cities & towns of Great Britain do you know?
2. What places of interest can you name?

Every year more than eleven million tourists visit Britain. In fact, tourism is an important industry, which enjoys thousands of people. Most visitors come in summer months when they can expect good weather. Usually they spend a few days in London, then they go to other well-known cities. Perhaps the least visited places in England are old industrial towns like Birmigham or Manchester. Below you will find the information about the most visited places of interest in Britain.

Stonehenge

If you go to Great Britain you will probably be planning to visit Stonehenge. It is a group of Celtic stones in the south of England. Stonehenge is situated right on a major road, about 12 kilometers from the town of Salisbury. If you really want to feel the magic and mystery of this ancient place, go there early in the morning to see the sunrise. It is worth it.

Hadrian’s Wall

It is one of the Britain’s greatest monument. The wall is 73 miles long and was built by Romans to protect the conqured England from the wild Scotts. The trail called the Hadrian’s Wall Path goes along the Wall through the hills and moors of the north of England.

England is famous for its mazes. One of the best mazes is situated at the Hampton Court , a royal palace near London. It consists of one kilometer of paths and it takes 20 minutes to reach the center … if you are lucky.

Самый известный лабиринт в резиденции Генриха VIII (Hampton Court)

River Trips

If you want to have a river trip, go to Oxford or Cambridge for punting. A punt is a type of boat that you move by planting a long pole in the river bed and pushing the boat along. The best place to go punting is the river Cam, which runs through the ancient university. You will enjoy the incredible views of the old colleges and the scenery.

7. The Political System of the UK

Answer the questions:

1. What is the name of the Queen of England?
2. Where does the Queen live?
3. What is the Union Jack?
4. What does the Union Jack look like and what does it symbolize?
5. What does the power in the country belong to?

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The queen is the Head of the State. Everything in the country is done in the Queen’s name. She appoints all the ministers, including the Prime Minister. But the English Queen doesn’t rule the country as she has no power. She is the symbol of the country’s history and its traditions. The Queen is very rich as are the members of the royal family. Also, the government pays her expenses as Head of State, for a royal yacht, train, aircraft and her several palaces. The queen’s image appears on stamps, notes and coins.

The great English Queens are:

The real power in the country belongs to the British Parliament and the British Government. The British Prime Minister (head of the government) is Theresa May (2016-2019).

The British Parliament consists of two Houses (chambers): the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

The members of the House of Commons are elected, the members of the House of Lords are not. The House of Commons plays the major part in law-making process. In reality the House of Commons is the only one which has true power.

The branches of government are:

• Legislative (the Parliament with the Queen in her constitutional role) — законодательная
• Executive (Prime Minister and his Cabinet) — исполнительная
• Juridical (the Royal Court) — судебная

Try to answer the questions:

1. Who rules Britain officially?
2. What is special about the political system of the UK?
3. What is the difference between the House of Lords and the House of Commons?

8. The History of Great Britain

Answer the questions:

1. Who do the British come from?
2. Who founded London?
3. What was the original name of the British capital?

Descendants – потомки
The British are descendants of different people who settled in the British Isles at different times.

Топик по английскому языку с переводом на тему Великобритания (Great Britain) поможет вам рассказать о стране, язык которой вы изучаете. Тема Великобритания (Great Britain) по английскому языку даст вам общее представление об этой стране о ее географии и основных достопримечательностях.

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Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. They lie to the north-west of Europe and are separated from the continent by the narrow strait of water. It is called the English Channel. Seas and oceans influence the British climate. It is too cold in winter but never very hot in summer.

The United Kingdom consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England is the central part, it occupies the most of the island of Great Britain. Each part has its capital: the capital of England is London, Scotland has Edinburgh, Wales has Cardiff, and the main city of Northern Ireland is Belfast.

The capital of Great Britain is London; it is the cultural center of the country and is situated on the banks of the Thames. There are s lot of places of interest to visit. The Big Ben, the Tower Bridge over the river Thames, the International London Heathrow Airport, the Westminster Abbey, the National Gallery of Art and many others.

There are about 64 million people living in Great Britain, most of them are English, Irish and Scottish. They all have special traditions for celebrating holidays and cook special food for festivals. All the members of families take part in these events. People in Great Britain are polite and kind.

Great Britain is the state of the future. I dream of going to London and seeing the most wonderful sights of the capital of the United Kingdom and I hope it will come true one day.

Великобритания

Объединенное королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположено на Британских островах. Они лежат на севере Европы и отделены от континента узким проливом. Он называется Английским каналом. На британский климат оказывают влияние моря и океаны. Зимой бывает слишком холодно, но летом никогда не бывает слишком жарко.

Объединенное королевство состоит из 4 частей – Англии, Уэльса, Шотландии и Северной Ирландии. У каждой части своя столица. Столица Англии Лондон, Шотландии – Эдинбург, Уэльса – Кардиф, а главный город Северной Ирландии –Белфаст.

Столица Великобритании – Лондон, это культурный центр страны, и он расположен на берегах Темзы. В нем много достопримечательностей, которые можно посетить – Биг Бен, Тауэрский мост через реку Темзу, Интернациональный аэропорт Хитроу, Вестминстерское Аббатство, Национальная Галерея Искусства и много других.

В Британии живет около 64 миллионов людей, большинство из них англичане, Ирландцы и шотландцы. У всех них особые традиции для праздников, они готовят особую еду для фестивалей. Все члены семьи принимают участие в этих событиях. Люди в Британии вежливы и добры.

Многие известные люди родились в Британии. Один из них Уильям Шекспир, который написал трагедии “Ромео и Джульетта”, “Гамлет”, “Макбет” и много других пьес. Уильям Шекспир Родился в 1564 году и жил в Страдфорде на Эйвоне с женой и детьми. Шекспир умер в 1616 году.

Великобритания считается государством будущего. Я мечтаю о том, чтобы посетить Лондон и полюбоваться сами прекрасными видами столицы Объединенного Королевства и надеюсь, что эта мечта когда-нибудь сбудется.
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) occupies the British Isles and consists of 4 parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The country has the population of 60 million people within the land area of 244 thousand square kilometers. The isles are washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the north and in the west and by the English Channel in the south. The UK is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea. Great Britain is separated from Northern Ireland by the Irish Sea and the North Channel.

There are many beautiful lakes and mountains in Scotland and England. The highest point in the Highlands is Ben Nevis (1 340 meters). The longest river flows in England, it is the Severn. The main attraction in the north of England is the Lake District. Thanks to the warm waters of Gulf Stream the island is very green and the British climate is mild. Local summers are rather hot and winters are not cold. As the weather is very changeable in Britain, it is the favorite topic for discussion with the British.

The capital of Great Britain is London. It stands on the Thames river. The country is a constitutional monarchy and officially the Queen is the Head of state. But it is ruled by the Prime Minister and the government. The legislative body is the Parliament which consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

The UK is a highly developed industrial state. The chief industries are shipbuilding, fishing and mining, production of aircraft equipment, electronics, textile and chemicals. The country is the world’s largest exporter of iron and steel goods. The most important industrial cities of Great Britain are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Leeds, Edinburgh.

Перевод

Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии (СК) занимает Британские острова и состоит из 4 частей: Англии, Уэльса, Шотландии и Северной Ирландии. Страна имеет население в 60 млн. человек на территории 244 тыс. кв. км. Острова омываются Атлантическим океаном с севера и запада и проливом Ла-Манш с юга. СК и континентальную Европу разделяет Северное море. Великобританию и Северную Ирландию разделяют Ирландское море и Северный пролив.

В Шотландии и Англии находится много красивых озер и гор. Самой высокой точкой в горной местности является Бен Невис (1340 м). Самая длинная река протекает в Англии, это Северн. Главной достопримечательностью севера Англии является Озерный край. Благодаря теплым водам Гольфстрима, остров очень зеленый, а британский климат мягкий. Лето здесь довольно жаркое, а зима нехолодная. Поскольку погода в Британии очень изменчива, это любимая тема для обсуждения среди британцев.

Столица Великобритании - Лондон. Он находится на реке Темза. Страна является конституционной монархией, и официально королева считается главой государства. Однако им управляют премьер-министр и правительство. Законодательным органом является парламент, состоящий из палаты Лордов и палаты Общин.

СК - высокоразвитая промышленная страна. Основными отраслями промышленности являются судостроение, рыбная и горнодобывающая промышленности, производство авиационной техники, электроники, текстиля и химикатов. Страна стала крупнейшим мировым экспортером товаров из железа и стали. Наиболее важные промышленные города Великобритании - это Лондон, Бирмингэм, Манчестер, Глазго, Ливерпуль, Лидз, Эдинбург.

Много знаменитых людей родилось и проживало в Великобритании. Среди них Шекспир, Ньютон, Черчилль, Пол Маккартни, Джоан Роулинг, Стинг, Дэвид Бэкхэм и многие другие.

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Великобритания/Great Britain (с переводом)

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. 2. They lie to the north-west of Europe. 3. The British Isles are separated from the continent by the narrow strait of water which is called the English Channel. 4. The United Kingdom consists of four parts. 5. England, the central part, occupies the most of the island of Great Britain. 6. To the west lies Wales and to the north the third part of the country, Scotland, is situated. 7. The fourth part is called the Northern Ireland and is located on the second island. 8. Each part has its capital. 9. The capital of England is London. Wales has Cardiff, Scotland has Edinburgh and the main city of the Northern Ireland is Belfast. 10. Great Britain is a country of forests and plains. 11. There are no high mountains in this country. 12. Scotland is the most mountainous region with the highest peak, Ben Nevis. 13. The rivers of Great Britain are not long. 14. The longest rivers are the Thames and the Severn. 15. The capital of the United Kingdom. London, stands on the bank of the Thames. 16. As the country is surrounded by many seas there are some great ports at the seaside: London, Glasgow, Plymouth and others. 17. Wales is a country of lakes. 18. It has the most famous lake in the world - Loch-Ness. 19. Seas and oceans influence the British climate which is not too cold in winter but never hot in summer. 20. Great Britain is a beautiful country with old traditions and good people.

1. Соединенное королевство Великобритания и Северная Ирландия расположено на Британских островах. 2 Они лежат к северо-западу от Европы. 3. Британские острова отделены от континента узким проливом, который называется Ла-Манш. 4. Соединенное королевство состоит из четырех частей. 5. Англия - центральная часть - занимает большую часть острова Великобритания. 6. К западу лежит Уэльс, и к северу расположена третья часть страны - Шотландия. 7. Четвертую часть называют Северной Ирландией, и она расположена на другом острове. 8. Каждая часть имеет свою столицу. 9. Столица Англии - Лондон, Уэльса - Кардифф, Шотландии - Эдинбург и главный город Северной Ирландии - Белфаст. 10. Великобритания -страна лесов и равнин. 13. В ней нет высоких гор. 12. Шотландия - наиболее гористый район с самым высоким пиком Бен-Невис. 13. Реки Великобритании, недлинные. 14. Самые длинные реки - Темза и Северн. 15. Столица Великобритании, Лондон, расположена на берегу Темзы. 16. Поскольку эта страна окружена множеством морей, на побережье есть большие порты: Лондон, Глазго, Плимут и другие. 17. Уэльс - страна озер. 18. Здесь находится самое знаменитое озеро в мире - Лох-Несс. 19. Моря и океаны влияют на британский климат: не очень холодный зимой, но совсем не жаркий летом. 20. Великобритания - прекрасная страна с древними традициями и хорошими людьми.